08.09.10 to 08.09.16 Chapter2: Denwa de renraku suru, to contact by Phone

08.09.10 to 08.09.16 Chapter2: Denwa de renraku suru,
To contact by Phone

GRAMMAR POINT 1: Hodo for a more polite version of "gurai". With exact time , use "goro" instead.

FORMATION:

(inexact time interval/quantity)~hodo
approximately~(inexact time interval/quantity)

EXAMPLES:

(1)Densha no jiko ga atte, kaisah ni 30 pun hodo okure sou desu.
There was a train accident, and it looks like I will be about 30 minutes late in getting to the office.
(2)Kopi wo san mai hodo onegai shimasu ka?
Would you please make 3 copies?

NOTES:
(1) hodo cannot be used with exact time or dates
(2) hodo is more formal and polite than "gurai"

GRAMMAR POINT 2: (1)To make a prediction of the near future, or (2)to make a prediction or conclusion from something based on its appearance, you would use the following

FORMATION:

V(masu stem) sou da
Likely to V

EXAMPLEs:

(1)Densha no jiko ga atte, kaisah ni 30 pun hodo okure sou desu.
There was a train accident, and it looks like I will be about 30 minutes late in getting to the office.
VERB: Ori sou da / Ori sou mo nai / Ori sou datta / Ori sou mo nakatta
Ari sou da/ nasa sou da/ ari sou datta/ Nasa sou datta
i-ADJ: Oishi sou da / Oishiknasa sou da / Oishi sou datta / Oishikunasa sou datta
Yosa sou da/ Yokunasa sou da/ Yosa sou datta / Yokunasa sou datta
na-ADJ: Kantan sou da/ Kantan de wa nasa sou da/ Kantan sou datta/ Kantan de wa nasa sou datta

NOTES:
(1)Likely verb candidates for this pairing/use are verbs expressing a start, end, change in state such as:
(i) hajimaru
(ii) owaru
(iii) ~naru
(iv) fueru
(2) Verbs expressing speaker's will cannot be used with this formation, but the volitional form can.

GRAMMAR POINT 3: A more polite way to ask a question is to use the form "deshou ka?".

FORMATION:

~deshou ka (more polite than ~desu ka)
Is this ~?

EXAMPLE:

Moshi moshi, Inoue-san no otaku deshou ka?
Hello, is this the Inoue household?

GRAMMAR POINT 4: A formal way to say, "I'm sorry" or "Unfortunately" is with this
FORMATION:

ainiku~
Unfortunately/I'm sorry but~

EXAMPLE:

Ainiku mada kaette orimasen ga.
I'm sorry, but (he) is not back yet.

NOTES:
(1) This can be used when the LISTENER is inconvenienced.
(2) Also to be used when SPEAKER is inconvenienced to express disappointment.

GRAMMAR POINT 5: We learned a polite way to ask if the other party would convey a message for you to an absent party.

FORMATION:
~to tsutaete itadakitai (n desu ga...)
Would you mind telling/Please tell him that ~

EXAMPLE:

Katou-san ni doyoubi ni Toukyou e iku to tsutaete itadakitai n desu ga...
Would you mind telling Mr. Katou that I will come to Tokyo on Saturday?

Wakarimashita. Sono youni tsutaete okimasu.

Certianly, I will convey the message (to

GRAMMAR POINT 6: To confirm a message that you've taken from someone over the phone, you can use the following
FORMATION:

~to iu koto desu ne?
Your message is that~, right?

EXAMPLE:

Kondo no mokuyoubi ni shuuryoshiki de Toukyou e irassharu to iu koto desu ne?
You will come to Tokyo on Thursday to attend the Document Ceremony, right?

NOTES: You can also use this to confirm:
(i) a fact
(ii) something or action that you heard someone else do.

GRAMMAR POINT 7: When you want to say that not only A but also B exists or occurs, then you can use the following
FORMATION:

~(A phrase)dake de naku, ~(B phrase) mo
Not only ~(A phrase) but also ~(B phrase)

EXAMPLE:

Nihon no kuruma dake de naku, hoka no kuni no mo tenji sarete imasu.
Not only Japanese cars, but also other country's cars are also exhibited.

GRAMMAR POINT 8: This is another conditional formation clause to be used when the speaker is injecting his/her own thoughts based on other persons assertions.

FORMATION:

Moshi V(ru form) nara, ~(phrase)
If you V, ~(phrase)

EXAMPLE:

Moshi Mootaashoo ni ikareru nara, machiawase basho to jikan wo kimetai to omoimasu.
If you can go to the motor show, I would like to decide on a time and place to meet.

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